Improvement in revolving fire-arms



"1). MAUSEB.. Revolving Fire-Arm.`v

fullo altwhom itfmay concern.- I, PAUL Mensen, of Oberndorf, Wrtemberg,"in the Empire. of

'peating tire-.arm

d stock, showing 'PAUL fMansart,"en onnnnnonn, wn'rEMBnae, GERMANY.

""'iMeRoysMsNTl-N Revohvme Fmi- :-Anivls Specitlcationformiu'g part of Letters Fatent Nat-213,221, dated March 11, 1879 application filed Y. Julyad-isifs.-

`Grer'many,.have invented certain new and usel ful Improvements in Repeating Fire-Arms or the' following is a descrip` tion, reference bein g had to. the accompanying Revolvers, ot' which drawings, forming partof this-specification; /This invehtion relates Vto a revolver or arepeatingpistol of novel construction, differing material-ly from the systems hitherto adopted.

'.Tlie rotation 'of the chambers in this revolver is effected by the act'of vdocking -or drawing back lthe hammer, as in recent American re- Volvers. The hammer is cocked by-the thumb before/each shot. This hasthe effect' of re ducing the .Speed .of firing to acertain extent, which, however, is much vgreater security of the charge'. This re. vor revolver is characterized by the great simplicity of its mechanism.v It may be constructed entire] y with thirty-three pieces only, while many-othenrevplvers sometimes contain fifty-six. It consequently adi rits of being taken to pieces with great facilL For the purpose et' cleaning the revolver, a

screw only requires to beunscrewed. The whole of the parts may be then taken out sin gle by hand and cleanedand oiled.

A further peculiarity consists in the .novel construction ofthe extractor.

Referring .to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinalsection through the center of the revolver,

showing the whole of mternal mechanism. 1 ig.'2 .is an external elevation of the same. Fig. .3. isa transverse "section taken along'the line A B, Fig. 1.; Fig;

4 is al1-external side elevation of the cylinder,

showing more particularly the grooves cut nr in which the pawl or piece' works which causes the rotation'of the said cylinder. Fig. 5 is a transverse section taken its circumference,

along the line C DFig.'1,yiewed from the front.V Fig. 6 is a transverse' vsection the the" attachment Aof the wood. Fig. 7 is a View of the revolver seen from be.

- hind. Fig. Sis a detail, showing'the hammer and thespring and sliding bolt by which itis actuated. Fig. 9 is a plan of vthe trigger-guard l plate. Fig. lorepresents details of the safes compensated for by the closely therein, and is .I ty-slide. Fig. 11 shows three vdetail views of the extractor. Fig. 12 is a-view of the fore end ofthe revolving cylinder. Fig. 13. is a viewofthe rear end of the-same.V Fig. 14 i's aysectional view of -a key for pressing .back Vthe socket-guide of the sliding bolt which con'-` trols the hammer when requiring to detach. the latter and accompanying parts.l Fig. 15

is a further sectional view, in part, ofthe .fire arm; and Figs.

of which the principal parts are composed are marked with the corresponding small letters, with the addition, where required, of numbers.

or' case -of the re- J J'. is the body, frame, volver.".1,t consists of two parts, J J', which are connected together by a hinge, t, and open at il M,. the trigger-guardplate; AN, the sliding bolt acting on the hammer; O,

P, he safety-slide.

he body or case J J is of iron or steel, with -flat sides,'and hollowed out internally to provide room for the 'lock. The front part, #,'is somewhat thickened, and provided with an it'ernal screw for the reception of the barrel.

Behind the revolvingcylinder the body is spread out. in the form of a circular recoil-` plate, t3. Therear partiscompletely hollowed ot a thin band, t'*, Figs. 1 Aand', which isembedded in the'wooden;

ont, andA only consists stock t5. A -sngle -scr'ew, is, is sufficient to secure the wooden stock to part, .over the revolving' cylinder,

bled toescape readly.- 4

The back sight is formed upon the hinge.

for the reception curves, ol o2, which t as closely `as possible vagainst the sides of the recess,

land 17 are; transverse sec- -tions on the lines w' w' and yl.' y", respectively. The principal parts are marked in the draw;

ings with capital letters, and-thesmallerp'arts K is thebarrel; L, the revolving cylinder; I

the hammer;

the metal'band ii." The body or case J is cut away at the upper in such a' toadmit as little dirt as possible.- Any gas-which'maybe present is thus enag -A recess is formed in the back of thebody ofv the hammer, which'ts provided with twoI and, being struck from a commoncenter, o, serve topre Theholo. closed underneath -by th- M. Underneath the rfcvolving cylinder a narrow opening or slit only i is formed in the body or casefor the passage of the pin for ei'ecting the rotary motion of the cylinder, in which the said pin travels to and fro. The cylinder itself serves to close this this point. V

At the front 'part, where the end of the slidopening and prevent any dirt from entering at i. ing bolt for actuating the hammer is passed through the body or case,the opening is closed by the bolt itself and a'collar or socket, n4, which surrounds it.

The trigger. m entirely fills the hole in the tri gger-guard plate, through which it communicates with the inner part of the lock. Its detent m2, with the part of, the sliding bolt N in which the half-cock and -fullcock notches 'n and 'nl are formed, closes the front part ofthe hole. The hinder part, m1,v of the sameis closed f by the trigger-spring m3.

In orderto admit of the extraction of the exploded cartridge-shells, the body or case is so *constructed and arranged as to be readily opened by pushing up the safety-slide Pin the direction ofthe arrow, whereby the nose 'il is liberated from the catch p. The position of the hinge with-relation to this catch is such, as

shown in Fig. l, that this mode of fastening is perfectly secure.

There is nothing new to be described in the -barrel K, which is constructed in the usual manner, and screwed into J The revolving cylinder L, on the other hand, diiers considerably from the revolving cylinder usually employed. It' contains six chambers, as usual, and turns upon a center-pin .or axis, Z3, one end of which is supported in a bearing, i", formed in the body J', and the other end, which is of conical shape, tits exactly into a hole bored for the purpose in the Acenter ofthe recoil-plate '3.- The hinder part df the center-pin is of 'conical shape, to I'acilis tate its passing in and out of its bearingin the recoil-plate on opening or closing the case.

. v'.lhe front end of the center-pin is provided with a small annular groove, Z?, which engages with aA projection formed on a springd, this spring being located, as shown in the section, Fig. 5, in a groove formed under the barrel,- and having its rear end bent up at rightA angies and held between a shoulder on the barrel and thevcasellf.

A steel bush, consisting of two parts, Z6 Z", termed the extracton is passed over the center-pin Z3. The said bush is shown separately in Fig. 11. v

The conical end Z6 tits into a conical hole bored in the case.- The space between the c'ase and the cylinder is occupied by a small filling-piece or washer, 7. Six notches, l 2 3 4 5 6, are formed in the conical part, for apurpose hereinafter explained.

The two parts Z6 Ziof theextractor are coupled I" 'or connected by a s'ectionallyspiral orrag-clutch cinstructi'on of their meeting ends, which,

when the part Z is held stationary, prevent' the rotation in a given or backward direction of the part Z","in common withl the revolving .cylinder L, with which said part'ZZis con- A nected, asjhereinafter described, but which spiral or rag-clutch conncctions,when said v 'cylinder is rotated in a reverse direction, al-

low the part Z"I to rotate in 'common with the so that its outer surface is flush with the rear end of the said cylinder. The iiange is suffieiently broad to extendas far as the carf tridge-chambers, and is there cut away in six places corresponding ,with the six chambers, so as to t under the iianges of the cartridges,

In order to remove the cartridge-shells from the chambers by means of this extractor,- the case is opened by pushingup the safety-slide P in the direction of the arrow, whereby the nose if is liberated from the catch p. At the same time, however, the flattened end-ofthe pin p1 engages with one of the notches 1, 2, &c. The fore part, Z7, of the extractor is provided with a projection, which works ina groove formed in the revolving cylinder.- When the pin p is caused tov enter one of the\ notches by pressure` on the sliding piece P, the cylinder L is only capable of rotating' in one direction, viz., in that direction in which the cam on the part l" is able to ride over the cam on the part Z5. 'The .perpendicular ends of the cams prevent their rotation in the ope posite direction. As the cylinder rotates the part Z"I is pushed out by the action of the cams, and expels the shells of the cartridges, so that they all ydrop from the chambers simultaneously into thehand.

The circumference of the revolving cylinder L is provided with grooves Zy l', which pass round itin a zigzag direction. The grooves Z 'are parallel with the generating line of the f iyl-l inder.J The inclined grooves Zl of each connect one end of one of the parallel grooves Z with the opposite end of the next corresponding paral lel groove. The bottoms of vthe longitudinal grooves are inclined and rise from the front end toward the connection wit-h the inclined groove, Fig. 4. The pawl yor pin for Aactuatf ing therevolvingcylinderworks in this groove,

and is pushed down it by the act of cocking the'hammer.

The pawl consists of a small tongue, n, which is centered on a pin, a9, and moves in arecess formed in the sliding bolt which actuates the hammer. A spring, nl", forces the tongue or pawl upwardin the recess. Its end nu bears against the sliding bolt. When the hammer O is cocked its bifurcated end o4 pushes the sliding bolt N forward.- c f The projection n on the pawln, which is forced forward with the bolt, engages in oney of the .inclined grooves Z', and, as it moves forward in a line parallel with the axis of the.

` inder.

and 8, vformed onthe bolt N at the other end.

. The hammer fits into the recesses n n formed ,in the sides of the bolt N, Fig. 8. i

213,221.l v n A 3f" cylinder, itcauses' the latter todescribe a frac- 'tionlof a revolution. On reaching the end of the inclined groove il the projection n? enters the deepend-of one of the parallel grooves Z,-

and -at the same moment-the detent m2 of 'the l triggerm engages in the full-cockfnotch'n7 -under theslidingboltf N. Onv pulling thev trigger the .detent m? releases the bolt N, which slips back,"'carrjiingv with it theA pawl u8, and

the projection.12 slidesiback along one of the parallel grooves l without moving vthe lcyl- I During this motion the projection nl passes from thedeep end of the paral- I lel'groove lalong the inclined bottomofthe groove -to the shallow end, where. it suddenly drops into the deep end of the ne-xtin- '1 clined groove .at the anglew w, Figs. 2 and 4. "On cooking the hammer 4again the'same operations` are repeated,'so that the revolving cylinder is again turned'round one-sixth of arevolntionand another chamber brought into position for firing. On cockingthe hammer the spring niis compressed. The said spring.

bears against the socket or guide n4, Figs. 1 at one end, and against a shoulder, In,

, The sliding blt N moves in a straight .line

. in the direction of itS'length, being yguided at Vthe front end bythe socket n4, and .behind by l the'cylindrical guide al, Fig. 3.

The h'alf-cocknotch ns is ofsnch a shape that the detent of vthe trigger is firmly retained in it when the bolt `is drawn back.' The fullcock notch nl is cut at a more obtuse'angle, -so that a comparatively slight pressure of the finger on the trigger' suffices to release the bolt, which is impelled backward bythe action of the spring. jThe same movementthrows the 'hammer forward, bringing its nose suddenly into contact withthe cap, and explodes the cartridge. j

'Ihe trigger-guard plate M is connected.. to

the end part of the case in the following manner:r A hook, m4, embraces the angle i9, and a hook, m5, at the forward end engages in'a hook, n4, formed on Athe socket or guide of the sliding bolt, and which is retained in position by the spring a5.. A projection, m6, on the plate bears against a bridge or projection, il",

on the c ase. This simple method of fastening the tri gger-guard platethus enables all screws to be dispensed with, and admits of its being unfastened by means of an instrument in the 'form of a hollow key, Figi14, Which is pressed in untilv the hook m5 isjliberated. 'Ihe trigger- I' gnard plate will then drop out, and the socket l or guidenwill be-pushed outby the spring.

The screw 'o of the hammer may then 'be unv screwed and the -hammer `ta ken out.- -The sliding bolt N 'may be thenjremoved .by pressing the projetionlnlz onthepawl into theV recess i, andgdrawing the /bolt back until its" front end can be passedv behind andunder'the v bridge i,laid'thus enable-it to be withdrawn @with facility. .i` `1 by means of atri gger-sprin g, m3, whichis'fitted plate. rlhe safety-slide P vserves three purposes:

of contact has .the spring which Ais wound tion l(whence its name) against the accidental the case orV body are prevented from vcoming for example, or other small foreign body, be-

closed the'sliding bolt actuating the hammer into contact With the sliding-'piece P. In lthis way the discharge is prevented. When the resistance insignificant, vthe rounded end of the sliding bolt penetrates in/tothe hole 102,' and bled to pass freely through the opening.

the purpose of oiling the parts, itis necessary to proceed in the following manner: The bar.

rel-bein g held in' the left hand, the safety-slide P is pressed' back in the .direction of the ar# pressed, and ,the spring lf compressed 'at'tlre same time by turning they revolving cylinder,

pushed out bythe action of the spring. The revolving cylinder is then taken out and the fthe hammer, is then taken out with a screw'- removed. v

point ofthe instrument in the center of the which isforced out by the spring a5.v 'The s pringfn.,5 itself may then be taken outa. TheA projecting 'piece non the pawl is then depressedinto the recess i, and allows the slidy'ing bolt N to be drawn backand takenoutof t-he under partof the' caso. All the'parts can now be cleaned` and 'oiled conveniently,` and then put together again in the same order. I cl'aim- 1 of afcamform orconstruction at themeeting safetylslide P, having a'pin or projection-,191,

notches inthe section L6 of the extractor, the

` yrotating cylinderiL, with whiclrthesection L7 'Y 1of`gthe ex-tr: ltor, made capable` of a longitudi- Th'e trigger in is vmaintained inv the notches into adovetailed recess in the: trigger-guard In the first' place it serves to connect together the two parts of thecase J J at .their'point round the pin .pl presses the catch p under the 'j projection il; secondly,.it serves as a .protec. 1

ldischarge of l a shot in casethe two parts of together at il by reason of a grain of sand,

coming interposedl betweenv the .two parts. j Thus,vwhe'n -the two parts are not properly cannot passthroughthe opening p2, but comes. i

opening between the parts l is small and the brings. the parts together, whereby it is ena- In order to take the revolver to pieces for row, and the case opened by tiirning the partsj on the-hinge-pin .5 The spring k is then delslidin g bolt.l ,This releases the trigger-guard plate, which drops out, as welLas the socket,

Yl1. Thesectionally-constructed extractor Z ll,

vends ofv the sectionsy-nvcombination withthe' varranged toV enter any one of. a series of nally-sliding motion, is tted to turn, and the cartridge-shell-extracting flange -at the outer endof said sectionl l", essentially as described.

- 2. The combination of thel safety-slide P,

` provided with a spring-catch for holding and .locking the two parts J Jlv of the case together, with the sliding bolt N, actuated by the hammer, and arranged to enter a cavity or aperture in said slide when the two parts of the case are closed, whereby not on] y the two' parts of the case are held' together, but the cooking of the hammer when said parts are not compietely :closed is prevented, and the rotatingpart of the extractor is prevented from turning, substantially as specified.

3. The slidingbolt N, in combination with the `pawl u8, the spiral spring a5, the collar or socket n, the hook m5, and the hammer O,y substantially as shown and described.

4. 'rhs sliding bolt N, having recesses mediate projection, m6, in combination with the projection il@ on the case, the socket n, and the angle-piece i, substantially as specified. l

PAUL MAUsER.

' Witnesses:

LoUIs BASSE, y LUDWIG MAscHMANN. 

